What is the primary cause of pulmonary hypertension?

The primary cause of pulmonary hypertension is an increase in pressure within the pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by elevated blood pressure in the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs, leading to various physiological consequences and symptoms.

When there is increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries, the heart must work harder to pump blood through these vessels, which can ultimately lead to right heart failure if left untreated. This condition can develop due to various underlying factors, including lung diseases, left heart disease, congenital heart defects, and chronic thromboembolic disease.

Recognizing an increase in pulmonary artery pressure as the fundamental cause is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of patients with pulmonary hypertension. Treatment often involves addressing the underlying cause, managing symptoms, and using medications specifically targeting the pulmonary vasculature to reduce pressure and improve outcomes.