Which of the following conditions is a type of restrictive lung disease?

Pneumoconiosis is classified as a type of restrictive lung disease because it involves lung tissue becoming fibrotic or stiff due to inhalation of various dust particles, such as silica or asbestos, which can compromise lung function. In restrictive lung diseases, the lung volume is reduced, leading to a decreased capacity for gas exchange and difficulties with lung expansion during inhalation. In pneumoconiosis, the buildup of scarring and inflammation in the lung tissues restricts their ability to expand fully, thereby limiting airflow.

Other respiratory conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and cystic fibrosis, typically present with obstructive patterns rather than restrictive. For instance, COPD and asthma primarily involve difficulty exhaling due to airway obstruction, while cystic fibrosis leads to thick mucus accumulation that predominantly affects airflow but does not directly cause a stiffening of the lung tissue. Understanding the distinct mechanisms of these conditions is crucial in identifying their classifications accurately.